Successful Supply Chain

The supply of an organization depends on the facilities for economical yet efficient production and distribution. The organization can keep production and distribution costs minimal by carefully selecting the raw materials and the suppliers. Managing the supplier offers velocity, flexibility and, quality at the lowest costs possible. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Successful Supply Chain specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The main reason of working around reasonable costs is to ensure satisfaction of the customer at all times, especially during the market fluctuations. The main aim of a supply chain is to offer innovative dimensions of remaining competitive in the market by introduction and delivery of dynamic and technologically high quality inventories into the market at sustainable costs and high swiftness. Management of cost also enables the organizations to build a vision or goal by recognizing the performance break and thus narrowing the gap through utilization of available resources. Successful supply chain means that the consumer is not kept waiting after ordering and this is achievable via proper balancing of resources to meet the demands (Wang et al, 64). According to Wisner (478), the current economical crisis means that these are un-standardized times, which require critical but quick decisions regarding trade especially on money matters. Today there is need for careful management considering that technology is taking over transactions by storm and there is need to convert the physical elements of transactions to virtual ones to enhance trade at the lowest feasible costs. The costs need management because currently there is urgent need for firms to invest in hi-tech information and goods transfer due to low investments rates and poor international transactions. Economic crisis means low investment rates thus the need to invest the available resources smartly. Globaliz ation of the supply chains is becoming crucial because of the reduction on the procurement costs as well as decreases on the risks of international transactions such as purchasing behaviours. The technological impact is forcing businesses to consider outsourcing or venturing into countries that are more productive. For instance, India was a rare consideration to venture into some years back but today their advancement in technological matters makes most transactions easier, faster and cheaper over some of the U.S. and other western countries. Today globalization enables supply-chain firms to bid for the cheaper but best quality options through comparison. Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Competition requires better establishment, new ventures and proper marketing strategies thus the quests for globalization. Globalization means change for growth and that is the asp iration for every firm (Ayers and Odegaard, 88). Lastly some of the market niche are only attainable globally for instance the vehicle manufacturing industries that require global supplies. Some of the repercussions for this trend involve higher overall costs in comparison to the traditional style of regional or remote supply chains. According to Coyle (7), the exchange rates, tariffs, and space are some of the extra costs incurred during the international transactions. The time factor due to regional differences may affects the transactions beside the climatic conditions. A lot of complexity is usually involved when there are many global suppliers, thus the needs to consider the number to involve. The lowest prices in the global markets may mean more costs if a firm lacks to consider other related factors such as time, quality and quantity. In relation to Lambert (91), companies use various methods for demand forecasting of supply chains, such as graphical, historical or statistic al. Graphically there are many difficulties involved in modelling outputs, especially when the chains are many but on the other hand, it offers clear picture of the reality and chances for expansion through better analysis of hindrances and catalysts. The daily demand shifts call for complex representations. However, it is possible to model systematic and similar graphs even when they call for demanding efforts. The statistical forecasting are more accurate because of defined data types compared to historical, which mainly entail predictions based on past performances. Majority of the methods nevertheless utilizes supply situations that are a rough estimate as opposed to the current states of affairs, thus lack of exact prediction. Forecasting enables firms to learn the procedures of controlling some of the consumer’s systematic shifts such as weekly changes. The shifts are rather much more complicated when the company fails to carry out the observations. Forecasting enable s the management to find the information regarding insufficient supplies, which would otherwise be hard to note thus better trading and accurate timely supplies.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Successful Supply Chain specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Close coordination means that the chains are working as a unit, to alloy uniformity especially over performance and dynamism. The managers are able to avoid heterogeneity within the firm by synchronizing activities. The current technological change calls for intelligent systems and personnel who are able to handle the operations, research and system’s theories. In a strategy to minimize costs, they harmonize state times, sequences to avoid waiting costs, and retain customers through timely deliveries, especially for the global markets. Coordinated activities enhance the firm’s ability to deliver solutions of the complex problems through integ ration of various aspects from different chain stores. According to Kurtz et al (405), globalization makes the supply chains more complex and, limited but better and more profit oriented. Modulating components enables the manager to design subsystems as modules, which assist in meeting a wide range of business requirements. The production, manufacturing and procurement of components are highly reduced, thus saving resources in material status for future requirements. The joint planning, process integration and coordination reduces the performance cost and offers chances for business expansion to other market niche. There is increase on returns on investments such as assets, improved customer services due to specialization and, reduction on the time required for delivery. Works Cited Ayers, James B. Odegaard, Mary Ann. â€Å"Retail supply chain management: Series on resource management.† CRC Press, 2007 Coyle, John J., Langley, C. John Bardi, Edward J. â€Å"Supply chain m anagement: a logistics perspective.† Cengage Learning publishers. 2009 Kurtz, David L. MacKenzie, H. F. Snow, Kim. â€Å"Contemporary Marketing.† Cengage Learning publishers. 2009Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Lambert, Douglas M. â€Å"Supply chain management: processes, partnerships, performance† Supply Chain Management Inst. 2008 Wang, William Y. C, Heng, Michael, S. H. Chau, Patrick Y. K. â€Å"Supply chain management: issues in the new era of collaboration and competition.† Idea Group Inc (IGI) publishers. 2007 Wisner, Joel D., Tan, Keah-Choon., Leong, Keong. G. â€Å"Principles of Supply Chain Management.† Cengage Learning publishers. 2008 This research paper on Successful Supply Chain was written and submitted by user Ronin O. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Competition in Energy Drinks Case Essay Example

Competition in Energy Drinks Case Essay Example Competition in Energy Drinks Case Essay Competition in Energy Drinks Case Essay Essay Topic: Competition Within the drink industry companies like Pepsi and Coca Cola were utilizing alternate drinks as a manner to counter the effects of the diminution of ingestion of carbonated drinks. This in bend will assist them prolong volume. These two big companies were working difficult to spread out their alternate market line by presenting athleticss drinks. energy drinks. and vitamin drinks. One of the largest issues at manus is the force per unit area to halt bring forthing these harmful drinks. people felt that they had a negative impact on your organic structure and believed their schemes promoted foolhardy behaviour. Even though this was go oning they had to maintain forcing through to be really successful. Gross saless began to increase every bit good as market portion which introduced several new trade names to the alternate drink industry. In the alternate drink industry competition is fierce. Some of the major factors that play a function are merchandise invention. distinction ; make trade name trueness based on gustatory sensation. the drinks image. advertisement. and sponsorships. Many of these companies like Hansen and Red bull sponsored events to advance their trade name. The strongest of the 5 competitory forces within the industry is that of permutation. Pepsi and Coca Cola made their merchandises available to clients with easiness forcing other companies out of concern. The weakest of the 5 forces is purchaser dickering power. Buyers do non hold much control over the monetary values at which these drinks are being sold. If they were looking for an energy drink they would hold to pay the high monetary values. Buyers are get downing to go more trade name loyal so they will purchase at high monetary values more frequently. Companies like Coca Cola and Pepsi seem to do the industry less attractive for new entrants. Reason is because they both are good established with good trade name acknowledgment. Consumers will most likely ever choose the trade name they are familiar than new unfamiliar trade names. The market for energy drinks is worsening. gross revenues are down. and the market has matured. Over the following 5 old ages drivers of alteration will non decelerate down companies like Coca Cola. Pepsi. or Red Bull. Alternatively of looking to vie on monetary value. volume. or market portion additions it looks like they will look into merchandise inventions to increase gross revenues. At this point clip drivers of alteration will most likely maintain the alternate drink unattractive for smaller companies. Pepsi and Coca Cola are able to counter the downswing the economic system because of the wide scope of merchandises they have. Red Bull on the other manus has merely a few merchandises and gross revenues are enduring. A few recommendations for the larger companies are as follows. Coca Cola does really good in the carbonated drink industry but is manner behind in the alternate drink industry. They can make some research on states where they want to sell their merchandise and see what consumer really want. By making this they could make a merchandise that will appeal to local consumer gustatory sensations. Pepsi Co. has done truly good in the alternate drink industry but has introduced a new line of energy drinks ( Charge. Rebuild. Defend. and Bloodshot ) that I have neer heard of. It would be in their best involvement to make an ad run to consumers. Red Bull on the other manus merely needs to spread out their merchandise line. They are concentrating chiefly on their original spirit still and that may be a ground why gross revenues are diminishing.

Exam Case Study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Exam Case Study - Assignment Example Later to follow are the recommendations to overcome the stated problems and improve company’s performance. Problems faced Primary problems faced by Sunshine Shirts come under the category of delivery delays and bottlenecks in quality. Delays are attributed to factors like large number of inspections, inventory and warehousing issues and lengthy production cycle of shirts. Also, type and volume of orders in the three categories also contribute to delays in deliveries. For quality concerns, even large number of inspections is not proving beneficial since printing is not getting appreciated by the customers. Faulty shirts are also getting in the orders which are resulting in increased number of complaints and reduced customer loyalty. Delays in deliveries and quality pitfalls cumulate to rising costs but no increased profit margins. Thus, an indirect offshoot of the above mentioned problems is an urgent need for cost-cutting campaign which can not be realized unless careful and m eticulous strategic planning is undertaken. Following next are specific instances which have led to the above mentioned problems of faulty planning, delays and quality concerns. Sources of problems Superficially, problems seem to be very generic, trivial and operations based. However, upon careful observation and deep analysis, the sources of these problems vary from strategic planning to inventory management, quality management and even setting up of performance measures. Detailed breakdown of sources of problems is given below: Strategic planning Strategic planning is a wide concept covering numerous operations within a specific business. From human resources to operations, production to management and even after sales, strategic planning entails setting up of standards, crafting plans according to those standards and measuring actual outputs to find out deviations. At Sunshine Shirts, planning has not taken a serious form. Various loopholes exist in different functions and domain s. Opening sentences where it is mentioned that the company budgeted for but still reported losses is a clear example of poor planning. Next for example, the problem of delivery delays can primarily be attributed to planning glitch. Before actual inventory management, it is the work of planning to ascertain the flow of raw materials, work-in-progress and finished goods. Faulty planning has led to faulty warehousing and chaos at factory space. Secondly, customer complaints have increased at Sunshine Shirts due to printing issues as ink on shirts peels off. This might be due to wrong supplier selection of printing inks which is again a function of strategic planning in a company. Further, regarding costs, company officials and heads of various departments are suggesting different solutions- reducing number of inspections, outsourcing, and charging premium price for better quality and even enter women shirts market. However, consensus cannot be achieved in finalizing a solution. This i s because the company does not know whether its competitive advantage lies in low cost or better quality. As such, direction of its strategic planning is not focused on one of these dimensions, leading to disadvantages and losses in both. To cut costs, managers are recommending outsourcing some of the activities to nations where production costs are lower. However, they do not see that expenses incurred on its three types of customer segments outweigh the returns yielded by these. Thus, even customer profitability analysis is not

Systematic Desensitization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Systematic Desensitization - Essay Example They then use relaxation strategies to compete with anxiety. Once it becomes successful that they can manage their anxiety by imagining fearful events, the technique can then be used in real life situation. The process of this technique normally has one major goal which is to become gradually desensitized to the triggers causing them distress (Alex & Adam, 2013). Patients need to be taken through a practice of some relaxation techniques before they can begin gradually exposing themselves to their feared situations. Some of such relaxation techniques that the patients need to familiarize themselves with before relaxation training include; deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation and visualization. As a nurse, before beginning systematic desensitization to a patient, you need to have mastered the relaxation training as well as developed a hierarchy (beginning from least feared to most feared) list of the patients’ feared situations. A nurse is responsible for helping patients realize their state of relaxation or identifying their anxiety hierarchy. This technique begins with imaginary exposure to situations of fear. The feared situations need to be broken down into manageable components using the patient’s anxiety hierarchy (Corey, 2009). For instance, if a patient fears getting into large stores, he or she may have their least anxiety while walking into the store and this may intensify as he or she walks far from the exit doors. The highest fear response for the patient may be when he or she stands in the checkout line. In this situation, as a nurse, I would take the patient through this by starting the process from the action that causes the least distress and let them work their way up. This therapy is to result in a situation whereby the patient would gradually, or systematically, become desensitized to shopping in large stores. The patient would definitely learn to do it at last without any fear and ultimately be able to

Strategies to Build Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Strategies to Build Culture - Essay Example These factors are for instance the institution’s atmosphere, overall attitudes towards cultural diversity, culturally responsive curriculum, as well as involvement of the community (Gay, 2002). Of all the mentioned factors, the academic and personal relationship between learners and their teachers is the most influential. Gay (2002) refers to this relationship as the core relationship of learning. It incorporates the roles of students and teachers, the subject matter, as well as how these two parties interact in class. The strategy of building culture, which this paper will discuss, is building relationships among teachers and their culturally diverse students. As stated earlier, a proper relationship between teachers and culturally diverse students will enable learning to take place in the classroom. When students believe that their teachers or educators truly care about them and appreciate them as individuals, they will cooperate and work together in class (Vavrus, 2008). Su ch a situation will also assist these students to work diligently and come up with the best results with regards to their education. Building a unique culture, in a culturally diverse class, is all about approval, admiration, affirmation, not only from the educators, but also from the learners themselves. Some of the strategies, which follow below, can be help educators form a meaningful relationship among them and their students. Finding Multiple Commonalities Educators do not have, in reality, to share the students’ interests, but just know what interests them (Vavrus, 2008). Knowing what culturally diverse students enjoy or appreciate is critical when having classroom debates, conversations and forming high-interests lessons. Educators, therefore, should find as many communication channels as possible with individual students. However, at the same time, it is also essential for teachers to reveal their own interests to their students (Gay, 2002). It is essential for educat ors to remember that successful relationships or associations, in nature, are two-way streets. According to Gay (2002), students appreciate it when their educators acknowledge critical factors such as sports, clubs, hobbies, popular movies, artistic interest, as well as music, among others. A majority of the respected and appreciated teachers know or are well acquainted with the favorite band in town, students and the respective sports they love, and the latest movies (Gay, 2002). Teachers are also encouraged to attend such events with their students in order for them to feel connected. According to Vavrus (2008), such an educator will be able to know what affects their students when it comes to learning, and will enable the educator to formulate strategies, which will ease factors affecting the student. Know Your Student’s Background Knowing and identifying students’ familial along with economic background will assist teachers in building a better understanding regard ing individual attitudes and behaviors in the classroom. Individual students portray different behaviors and attitudes with respect to the families or culture they come from (Vavrus, 2008). Affluent students act differently than students raised in poverty. It is essential for educators to know as much as possible regarding their learners (Gay, 2002). Teachers will be surprised to notice how open their students will be once the teachers knows about their background. Knowing a

Research Methods for Consumer Buying Behaviour Research

Research Methods for Consumer Buying Behaviour Research Research Method Research methodology Everywhere, our knowledge is incomplete and problems are waiting to be solved. We address the void in our knowledge and those unresolved problems by asking relevant questions and seeking answers to them. The role of research is to provide a method for obtaining those answers by inquiringly studying the evidence within the parameters of the scientific method. http://www.geocities.com/Athens/3238/page3-15.htm Research means finding out things in a systematic way in order to increase knowledge. In any research two phrases are important, first is the ‘systematic research’ that is based on logical relationship and not just beliefs (Ghauri et al., 1995). The second phrase is to ‘find out’ the purpose of the research. It includes describing, understanding, criticizing, analyzing and explaining. (Ghauri et al., 1995) (Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A. 2000) (pg 1-2). Therefore in simple words research can be expressed as number of similar and related activities involving together in search of information. It is also found that many times we have a question or a problem to resolve. The main aim of research is to collect sufficient information or data relevant to the research topic to get the clear picture and proper understanding in order to accomplish the research goal. But it is thought that we have the answers to those questions thinking that the answer is obvious, commonsense, but until we have subjected our problem to rigorous scientific scrutiny, our knowledge remains little more than guesswork or at best, intuition. http://www.chssc.salford.ac.uk/healthSci/rem99/resmeth/chap1.htm Though the meaning of research is to find out answers for question but research can also be carried out in particular subjects. As a result research in marketing is the systematic and objective identification, collection, analysis, and dissemination of information for improving decision making related to the identification and solution of problems and opportunities in marketing. There are different approaches to carry out the research. It truly depends upon the researcher which method to choose. It is also necessary to explain why a particular method is being chosen. However the author has focused on the levels of maintaining brand loyalty toward telecom service provider with respect to the competitor’s offers. To carry out this research the author has collected the primary as well as secondary data. Comparison of the primary and the secondary data will help the author for the interpretation leading to the conclusion and recommendation for the research topic. Research Approach Research can be carried out by using two types. One is the Inductive research and the other is Deductive research. Inductive research â€Å"Inductive research is a study in which theory is developed from observation of empirical reality; thus general inferences are induced from particular instances, which is the reverse of deductive method†.( Hussey Hussey, 1997, pg 13). In inductive research the data is collected and after that the theory and the hypothesis are defined and formulated. The inductive approach can also be helpful in coming up with new ideas, theories and hypothesis. It is also possible that the results of inductive research may not be hundred percent true as they are done through empirical observation. Inductive research is also known as theory generating as it done through specific observations to broader generalizations. Deductive approach According to Hussey Hussey, 1997, pg 13, deductive research is â€Å"Deductive research is a study in which conceptual and theoretical structure is developed and then tested by empirical observation; thus particular instances are deduced from general inferences. The deductive method is referred to as moving from the general to the particular†. In deductive approach the theory or hypothesis are drawn and the research is carried out to support or test the hypothesis. The deductive research draws conclusion through logical reasoning. Robson (1993:19) lists five sequential stages through which deductive research will progress: Deducing a hypothesis from the theory: In this stage the relationship between the two variables can be defined and later tested. Expressing the hypothesis in operational terms, which propose a relationship between two specific variables: In this stage the two variables can be defined to be measured. How the two variables relate to each other and how they would affect each other if any changes are made. Testing this operational hypothesis: In this stage one can involve experiment or some other form research method to test the relationship between two variables. Examining the specific outcome of the inquiry: In this stage the result of the research would be verified according to the hypothesis so that to see whether the result support the hypothesis or not. If necessary, modifying the theory in the light of the findings: In this stage, if the results suggest that there should be justified then the theory needs to be modified or altered. (Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A., 2000) (pg 85 87) The author has decided to carry out the mixed approach that is the inductive and deductive method in order to carry out the research on whether customer are able to maintain band loyalty towards their mobile service provider and originate and analyze the essential facts required to fulfil the research objective The research design builds on clear and concise understanding of research topic. A clear and concise statement of research purposes is absolutely essential for doing good quality research. The important idea of a research design is that all of its components must ‘fit’ with each other or ‘go together’ with each other in a logical manner. There are various methods to collect data. But which method the researcher should adopt will depend upon the nature of the research and various other factors. The method chosen should able to derive sufficient information to answer the research question. It should also be reliable, accurate. Data collection There are various methods that can be used for collection of data. In research data collection methods may vary greatly in the amount of time and money required and in complexity. The best method is one that provide the relevant and sufficient information that is needed and not necessarily the one which is fastest, cheapest and easiest. In many cases it is also possible to use more then one type of data collection method to obtain data on the same research topic. Sources of data can be put into the two general categories of being either primary or secondary. Research methods can be classified in various ways. However one of the most common methods are qualitative and quantitative research methods. Quantitative research The quantitative research is more easily defined as the collection of numerical and statistical data. â€Å"a quantitative approach involves collecting and analyzing numerical data and applying statistical tests†¦a qualitative approach, which is more subjective in nature and involves examining and reflecting on perceptions in order to gain an understanding of social and human activities†. (Hussey Hussey, 1997, pg 12). The aim of quantitative methods is to determine whether the predictive overview of a theory hold true. Quantitative designs of research tend to produce results that can be generalised. The important features that are associated with quantitative research are Objectivity, deductive ness, generalisability and numbers. It can also be said that quantitative research is concerned with numbers and measurement, rather than words, in the collection and analysis of data. Charts and graphs demonstrates the results of the research, the researchers commonly employ words such as ‘variables’, ‘populations’ and ‘result’ as part of their expressions Quantitative research usually seeks to establish causal relationships between two or more variables, using statistical methods to test the strength and significance of the relationship. Quantitative methods include experiment, surveys, and questionnaire for data collection. Qualitative research Preissle (2002) confirms that ‘qualitative research is a loosely defined category of research designs or models, all of which elicit verbal, visual, tactile, olfactory, and gustatory data in the form of descriptive narratives like field notes, recordings, or other transcriptions from audio and videotapes and other written records and pictures or films’.(Web 14) http://www.roboneill.co.uk/papers/research_methods.pdf Qualitative research is conducted in a natural setting and involves a process of building a complex and holistic picture of the phenomenon of interest. Qualitative research is concerned with no statistical methods of inquiry and analysis of social phenomena. Qualitative Research is collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data by observing what people do and say. Qualitative research is more subjective and deals in words, images. Qualitative research methods are observation, in-depth interviews or the case study. Therefore in some cases the researcher can also take an active part while interacting with participants. This helps the researcher to get in-depth views and knowledge from participants. Research is carried out with some or the other aim. Thus research is important to answer the questions and draw conclusion. Therefore to achieve the aim of the research it is crucial to choose the correct research approach and correct research method. As a result the author has made an effort to collect the primary as well as secondary data from the reliable and relevant sources in order to achieve the final results of the study. Collecting and using primary data Primary data is collected with a specific purpose or some reason. It is collected especially when the researcher cannot find the relevant data or enough data in the secondary sources. â€Å"Primary data is also known as grey literature; they are the first occurrence of piece of work. They include published sources such as reports and some central and local publications such as white papers and planning documents. They also include unpublished manuscripts sources such as letters, memos and committee minutes that may be analyzed as data in their own right†. (Saunders, Lewis Thornhill, 2003, p52). In many cases primary data is the first hand data that is directly collected from the field survey and thus it is really important for the respondent to understand the aim of the research. This helps the respondent to answer the questions the from the researcher’s view and not from their personal thinking. There are various types to collect primary data. Every type is advantageous and disadvantageous in its own way. The choice is also highly influenced by the availability of time and money. The basic methods are observations, interview, questionnaire survey, focus group interview, and case study. After the proper and complete understanding of each and every method the author had decided to obtain the primary data by using questionnaire survey and interviews to carry out the research. The method selected by the author is the mixed approach of qualitative and quantitative method. The main reason to use mixed approach is that qualitative method of approach is process-oriented, real, subjective and descriptive where as quantitative method of approach is objective and mainly outcome oriented. The use of multi methods or triangulation is adopted so that the weakness of one method is offset by the other and to ascertain whether the findings of each method achieve the same results or conclusions which will greater validity and reliability. The questionnaire survey Questionnaire is one of the simple and widely used methods for collecting primary data. â€Å"In questionnaire technique each respondent is asked same set of questions and thus it provides an efficient way of collecting response from a large sample prior to quantitative analysis†. (Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A., 1997)(pg 244). Thus it can be understood that questionnaire is a set of the question given to the respondent. The questions are in preset format and the respondents are asked to fill in the answers. There are various advantages in using the questionnaire technique as it is cost effective, less time consuming and efficient. Questionnaire is one the most familiar method for data collection so the researcher doesn’t have to sit and spend time in explaining how to fill them. It also won’t make the respondent nervous. The clear and simple questionnaire can also be filled in by the respondent without the presence of the researcher. Therefore the respondent will be honest and researcher’s own opinions will not influence the respondent to answer questions in a certain way. There are also certain disadvantages of using questionnaire method. It is very difficult to design the questionnaire. In many cases the researcher is not present while filling in the questionnaire thus it is not possible to give any assistance. The questions in the questionnaire have to be very simple. The response rate is also low many times. Many times it is difficult to find a consumer group who are co operative to answer the question. The main purpose of using the questionnaire survey was to obtain as much as information possible on customers brand loyalty towards their mobile service provider. The questionnaire survey was intended to acquire the information from the customers using the mobile service. In terms of design and layout of the questionnaire was kept very simple. The questions framed were very clear, simple and easy to understand by the respondent. The length of the questionnaire was also kept short keeping in mind that the respondent may not be bored or tired. This may hinder the final results of the research. The questionnaire was the combination of open ended and close ended questions, which will use the rating scale technique from 1 to 5. In which 1 represented the highly satisfied customer, 2 represented the satisfied customer, three represented the moderate customer. 4 represented dissatisfied customer, 5 represented highly dissatisfied customer. The questionnaire was self administered and researcher administered. The author had chosen the option of delivering and collecting the questionnaire. With the help of the supportive consumer group the author had achieved 90% of the response rate from the customer and tried to maintain the privacy of the data collected. Pilot testing Before using the questionnaire on the main sample the pilot testing of the questionnaire was carried out. It is important to obtain information by pilot testing the questionnaire on individual similar to those who will be asked to complete the questionnaire. The purpose of pilot testing is to refine t questionnaire so that the respondent will have no problem in answering the questions and there will be no problems in recording the data. (Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A., 2003)(pg 308). This will help the researcher to perform the necessary changes in the questionnaire before giving it to the actual sample. Pilot testing helps to assess the questions, validity and reliability of the data collected. After the completion of designing and drafting of questionnaire it was circulated between the MBA students at UWIC. Some of these students were currently working in a company. As a result the author received a response on the clarity, sequencing and inter relation of the questions. This response facilitated the author to make the necessary alteration in the questionnaire. Interviews An interview is a purposeful discussion between two or more people. In this one the person is the researcher. Making use of the interview method can be helpful help to gather valid and reliable data that are relevant to the research question and objective. There are three categories of interview each category has its own advantages and disadvantages. Structured interview Unstructed interview Semi structured interview The first is the structured interview in which the researcher has a list of question in a predetermined manner. They are focused and prà ©cised there fore more data can be collected. These are informal interview. The second is the unstructured interview in such type of interview there are no predetermined questions. The conversation between the respondent and researcher is quite general but the researcher needs to have a clear idea about the aspects that he has to explore. The interviewee is given an opportunity to speak on the research topic this type of interview is called as non directive. As there are no set of questions that are prepared it takes lot of time to gather sufficient information. But in such interview the interviewee feels at ease and does not realise that he is being interviewed. There are also some ethical issues that may prevent to make use of such interview especially for research projects. The third category is the semi structured interview. In such interview there are the list of topics and question to be covered by the researcher. The researcher may also vary the order of the question as per the situation and flow of the conversation. Additional question can also be asked related to the research topic in order to gain the in depth knowledge. It is more flexible. The response rate is also higher. It is a time-consuming method and also requires more time to analyse them. Therefore the author has decided to make use of the semi structured interview in order to gain the in depth knowledge and achieve the research objective. Secondary data Secondary data is the data that readily available. Secondary data is data that is neither collected directly by the user nor specifically for the user, often under conditions not known to the user. â€Å"Secondary data is a source such as books and journals are designed either to help to locate primary literature. These publications are aimed at wider audiences. They are easier to locate than primary data†. (Saunders, Lewis, Thornhill, 2003, p52). It is the information that has already been collected for some other purposes by some one else. It may be available from internal sources, or may have been collected and published by another organization. It is basically gathered before the primary data as to find out what is already known about the subject matter before starting the own research. In many cases the researcher prefers using the secondary data instead of carrying out the primary research. There are advantages as well as disadvantages of using secondary data. Secondary data is available quickly, easily and cheaply. It provides the researcher in determining the direction for primary data collection. It is flexible and provides great variety to the researcher. The disadvantages of secondary data are as follows. It is difficult to rely on secondary data in terms of quality and accuracy of the data. As the gathered may be long time back hence it may not be valid in current situation. The data readily available may not be related to the research question or may not available in sufficient quantity. There are three types of secondary data: 1. Documentary. Organizational records, communications and web sites; reports of committees; media accounts (newspaper articles); TV and video recordings; Internet sources 2. Multiple sources. (different data sets combined) Country or sector reports; industry statistics 3. Survey data. Government surveys and censuses (continuous); surveys by international bodies. (Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A., 1997) (pg 190) There are other types of secondary data available such as books, journals, newspaper, articles, and internet. In order to make the research more effective the author has gone through various books, journals, articles, and internet. The combination of primary and secondary data has been collected to obtain answer to the research question more efficiently. Reliability and Validity In order to reduce the possibilities of getting the answer wrong attention has to be paid on two important factors in research design: reliability and validity. These two factors are dependent on one another. Reliability is required to make statements about validity. Reliability of the research means the extent to which the instrument would yield the same result if used in the other occasion. Validity applies to both the design and the methods of research it is an indication of how sound the research is. Validity is concerned with whether the findings are really about what they appear to be about (Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A., 2003) (pg 101). Validity in data collection means that the findings truly represent the phenomenon that the researcher is claiming to measure. Research can be affected by different kinds of factors that irrelevant to the concern of the research, can invalidate the findings (Seliger Shohamy 1989, 95). Findings can be said to be internally invalid because they may have been affected by factors other than those thought to have caused them, or because the interpretation of the data by the researcher is not clearly supportable (Seliger Shohamy 1989, 95). Findings can be externally invalid because they cannot be extended or applied to contexts outside those in which the research took place. (Seliger Shohamy 1989, 95). Therefore the author has taken proper care while making the selection of the sample as well as the research planning. The information acquired is also from the reliable and valid sources. The incomplete questionnaires were also discarded to avoid the effects on final results. Ethical issues There were certain ethical issues that the author had to face throughout the research. Ethics in research is mainly the appropriateness of your behaviour in relation to the right of those who become the subject of your work, or are affected by it (Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A., 2003)(pg 129). Therefore the ethical issue has to be taken the special care as they remain sensitive and had a impact on the research work as well as the respondent. While carrying out the survey the companies were assured that this research work is truly for educational purpose and wouldn’t be revealed any where else. Therefore special care was taken by the author to maintain the privacy for the data collected so that it is not been misused by anyone else for any other purpose. For primary data http://members.tripod.com/~mccurtain_2/genietips/tip15.html http://misnt.indstate.edu/wilhelm/ASBE%20336/336%20Primary%20Data.ppt http://www.jica.go.jp/english/evaluation/guides/pdf/ref_ma_005.pdf Consumer buying behaviour A buyers decision are also influenced by personal characteristic such as the buyer age and life cycle stage, occupation, economic situation, lifestyle, and personality and self concept. There are various internal factors, external factors and marketing factors which motivates the customers in their decision making process. Some of the important factors are mentioned below: Competitive price: a product with a competitive price often attracts customers. Customers are willing to pay a certain amount for a specific product. If the price ranges of that product falls within their purchasing power, customers are tend to be happy. Good Customer service: customers are satisfied if the are given good customer services for the product that they have purchased. Customer should be provided with good service not only at the time of buying a product but also after sales service should be provided as this influences the buyers buying behaviour. Efficiently handling the customers’ problem. How convenient the buyer is in buying and using the product also influences the buying behaviour of the customer. Availability of the product also acts as an influencing factor for the customers buying behaviour. In some cases, if a particular product that the customers buy regularly is not available in the market then the customer may intend to buy the substitute of that product. Attitude of customers toward a particular product and company also influences their buying behaviour. A good attitude will always have a positive effect and a bad attitude will have a negative effect. Individual learns attitude through their personal experience and interaction with other people. Therefore it becomes important for the companies to develop a positive attitude in the minds of the customers by providing excellent quality of service. If the negative attitude is developed within the customers it is difficult to change it. Life style of a customer is also becoming an influential factor in their buying behaviour. This influencing factor relates to the way we live through the activities we engage in and interests we express.  Lifestyle is often determined by how we spend our time and money. A person having a high standard of life will always prefer using a high quality of product specially a brand. Many people respond to what they perceive to be fun, exciting, and hip, and they want to feel valued and recognized Consumer purchasing decisions are often affected by factors that are outside of their control but have direct or indirect impact on how we live and what we consume.

Lord Of The Flies - Character :: essays research papers

Viewing the Text from a Different Perspective Many times in novels the elements of setting, mood and tone are used to extend beyond the words in a text and elaborate the reader’s mind into imagining the actual events taking place. In the classic novel, Lord of the Flies, William Golding utilizes the setting, mood and tone in great detail to reflect how the characters think, act and feel.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Upon a desolate tropical island, a group of boys of different characteristics get marooned when their plane crashes. Golding describes the island in a way that appeals to the reader as paradise, â€Å"The palms that stood made a green roof, covered on the underside with a quivering tangle of reflections from the lagoon...It was clear to the bottom and bright with the efflorescence of tropical weed and coral. A school of tiny, glittering fish flicked hither and thither.† (p.12) The island itself suggests a place of wonder and relaxation. Providing the reader with the impression of an utopia society, an impression that will soon be contradicted as the novel progresses.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After a signal fire is ignited by Ralph’s orders, two young twins, Sam and Eric stand guard in maintaining the fire. While on duty, an eerie figure drifts down from the sky and lands in the forest several yards away from Sam and Eric. â€Å"There was a sudden bright explosion and corkscrew trail across the sky...There was a speck above the island, a figure dropping swiftly beneath a parachute, a figure that hung with dangling limbs. The changing winds of various altitudes took the figure where they would. Then three miles up, the wind steadied and bore it in a descending curve round the sky and swept it in a great slant across the reef and the lagoon toward the mountain.† (p.95) The dead parachutist, also known as the beast, is used to foreshadow the death of Simon, a small although intellectual boy. The parachutist shows the idea of one man slaughtering another as he dies in war.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As Simon, returns to the other boys to inform them of his encounter with the parachutist (the beast), he is mistaken for the beast and is brutally attacked. The effects of lighting, rain as well as wind aroused the sensation of rage and excitement in the boys in their slaughter. â€Å"The beast struggled forward, broke the ring and fell over the steep edge of rock to the sand by the water.

Intermediate accounting Essay

1. Distinguish between perpetual and periodic inventory system. Why conduct physical inventory? When should, if any a physical inventory count occur? Perpetual inventory system is a system for determining the cost of goods sold by keeping continuous records of the physical inventory as goods are bought and sold. In other words, under the perpetual inventory system – records are kept of the quantity and usually the cost of individual items of inventory throughout the year, as items are bought and sold. The cost of goods sold is recorded as goods are transferred to customers, and the inventory balance is kept current throughout the year, as items are bought and sold. The physical inventory is important because it is an actual amount of all merchandise on hand at the end of an accounting period. The actual physical count of the product must occur after the Pre-Physical Inventory update is run.   It means that no movements of the product can occur until after the actual count is done.   In other words the product is frozen until a physical count is done on the item.   After the actual count the movement of the individual item within the product group can resume while other products are being count. In periodic inventory system, it is a system for determining the cost of goods sold by deducting the ending inventory (based on a physical count of the inventory) from the beginning inventory plus total purchases over the period. 2. Intangible assets have two main characteristics. They lack physical existence and they are not financial instruments. Costs incurred internally to create intangibles are generally expensed as incurred. Explain the procedure for amortizing intangible assets. Intangible assets are a long-term assets that have no physical substance but have a value based on rights or privileges that accrue to the owner. Intangible assets  don’t have the obvious physical value of a  factory or equipment; they can prove very valuable for a firm and can be critical to its long-term success or failure. For example, a company such as Coca-Cola wouldn’t be nearly as  successful was it not for the high value obtained through its brand-name recognition. Although brand recognition is not a physical asset you can see or touch, its positive effects on bottom-line profits can prove extremely valuable to firms such as Coca-Cola, whose brand strength drives global sales year after year. In FASB STATEMENT NO. 142, the useful life of certain intangible assets is difficult to judge, particularly assets that involve contracted or other legally set terms. Companies use the useful life of assets to guide their decisions on whether or not to amortize them on their financial statements. The key factor in determining whether to amortize an â€Å"other† intangible asset is its useful life. If it is indefinite, the asset is not amortized. Although the question of whether an asset’s useful life is definite or indefinite may seem straightforward, certain intangibles—particularly those that are a result of contracted or other legally set terms—are difficult to judge. Prior to the issuance of FASB Statement no. 142, the maximum useful life of an intangible asset was 40 years. Could an asset a company was amortizing over a useful life of less than 40 years now have an indefinite life under Statement no. 142? The answer is â€Å"maybe.† Prior to its implementation companies may not have taken all of the three criteria in Statement no. 142—renewability, costs and modifications—into account in making amortization decisions. Further, it was not an option for an asset to have an indefinite useful life, regardless of how a company evaluated the criteria before Statement no. 142. The limit was 40 years. The bottom line? Even those intangibles that weren’t assigned the full 40-year useful life prior to Statement no. 142 should be evaluated against the statement’s criteria. They may have indefinite useful lives as well. References http://www.sdc.on.ca/sdc6/help/Physical%20Inventory%20Process.htm Jennefer M. Mueller. Journal of Accountancy: Amortization of Certain Intangible Assets. DECEMBER 2004 / Volume 198, Number 6.

How to Write a Good Motivation Letter

How to Write a Good Motivation Letter How to Write a Good Motivation Letter 5 August, 2019 How can define a motivation letter? Do you consider it to be the same as a cover letter? Does it have any peculiar standards of formatting and composition? A cover letter is needed only in case of job applications, while a letter ofmotivation is typically required for university enrollment as well as acceptance to particular educational programs or even volunteer organization projects. It is also important to know how to write a good motivation letter for a fresh graduate or a student without particular career achievements who has to demonstrate that he or she is genuinely interested in a certain position. The name of the letter makes the main aim of writing absolutely clear. You are expected to provide a description of the factors that motivate you to apply for a particular position or activity. In case of writing a motivation letter for a student program, it is necessary to give explanations of your reasons why participation in it is important for you. If you want to apply for some volunteering activities in a non-for-profit organization, it is essential to provide the needed details related to your volunteering experience, if any, and your interest in meaningful activities and helping others. It is a common mistake to mistake cover letters for letters of motivation. It is natural as both of the letters have an aim to make a reader believe that there is no other candidate or applicant who would be better for a certain position. However, one of the differences is that limitations related to cover letters are stricter. How to Make a Motivation Letter Successful? Typically, even having theoretical knowledge of how to write a good motivation letter, students do not find it easy to keep to recognized standards of internship letter writing or motivation letter writing. It is challenging to select the details that have to be included into the letter and excluded fro it to make it effective. Note that a perfect letter of motivation is supposed to address the following issues: professional plans and goals career objectives: both short-term and long-term desired position after graduation plans as for the contribution to political, social, technological, and cultural development of the community, area, state, city, or region after graduation plans as for the place to live and work after you get a degree benefits of the selected study courses for you in terms of the career goals specific reasons why the committee should opt for your application among hundreds of other ones Factually, a good motivation letter should always contain accurate details about how a new position you are applying for will benefit from your acquired knowledge, internship practice, experience, abilities and skills. Moreover, we recommend evaluating your own weak and strong points, skills, and expertise from your own point of view. For instance, it is reasonable to assess your leadership skills, willingness to work in a team, ability to cope with tight deadlines and work under pressure, and so on. What Are the Main Constituent Parts of a Motivation Letter? All types of motivation letter writing imply covering the following fundamental aspects: Your first name and your last name along with the contact details: telephone number, email. The name of the company you want to work for and the name of the position you want. Valid reasons why you want to apply: it will be appropriate to mention your personal qualities here and explain why they will be beneficial for the development of this particular company. How to Turn Your Motivation Letter into an Outstanding Piece of Writing? Your constant focus while writing a motivation letter should be on the coherence of the content, correct language, and importance of mentioning your qualifications and intentions in terms of your application. Try to avoid flowery phrases and vague explanations. The dominant voice of the letter should be active. No specific terms. No clichs. You should sound persuasive and creative at the same time. Even if you believe that a certain clich will be the most appropriate way to express your thought, it is highly recommended to consider the aspects of how and why and opt for evidence and examples that overdo the flat phrases everybody is tired of. No plagiarism. Using certain facts and details from the previous researches or your own papers, you cannot take word-for-word parts of the texts. Moreover, never copy paste pars of the program in your letters. No copied forms. Have a look at some bright samples of the letters but do not base your own on the ideas taken from there. Blind copying will do no good and will never produce a good impression. Make your tone as positive as possible as there should be no focus on any negative aspects. Even if you want to tell about challenges or problems you had to overcome, it is better to point out not the hardships themselves, but the way you coped with them. Even if you mention your weaknesses, do not emphasize them. The main purpose of your motivation is to sell what you can do and how advantageous you are as a candidate. Most probably, they will ask you about your weak points when you are invited to the interview, but for now concentrate on the future. Present your previous qualifications, but also emphasize the prospects you want to have. You may lack experience in a particular area, but it will be right to tell not about this but about your eagerness to learn. Read a lot about how to write a good motivation letter, but also remember that the most important principle of writing is to be honest. Exaggerations are not welcome. They are looking for the most qualified candidate, but they need to know about your actual abilities and skills. You will still remain competitive if you tell the truth about what you can do instead of lying. Have a Look at the Following Valuable Tips Keep it brief It is not necessary to tell a lot. It will be much more beneficial just to point out your achievements and experience in the professional and academic spheres. You should realize the scope of work committees have in the seasons of admissions. Having thousands of applications daily, they want to see detailed information presented in a concise form. It sounds as a paradox, but it is true. They skim through the lines, and you should be able to present the main aspects without any vagueness or wordiness. Choose the achievements that are the noticeable and relevant. Professionalism and personality combined There is a certain similarity between a personal statement and a motivation letter. You have to cover the most practical details and keep the text coherent and concise. No boasting! No tedious flow of repetitions! Good luck!

ACT Syllabus What’s on the Exam and How to Prep

ACT Syllabus What’s on the Exam and How to Prep SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you preparing for the ACT but aren’t sure which topics the exam covers?We’re here to help! This guide will give you an in-depth look at the ACT syllabus and explain exactly what you can expect to see on the test. For each of the five ACT sections, I’ll explain the format of the section, the types of questions you’ll see, and the skills that section tests.Afterward, I’ll also go over the top three tips you need to know when studying for the ACT to help you achieve your highest score. ACT Syllabus Overview Let’s first take get a broad overview of what the ACT covers before diving into the specific sections. There are four required sections on the ACT: English, Math Reading, and Science, as well as the optional Writing section. To be an expert on the ACT syllabus, you’ll have to be comfortable with each of these sections. Section Minutes Given Number of Questions English 45 75 Math 60 60 Reading 35 40 Science 35 40 Writing (Optional) 40 1 essay Total 3 hours, 35 minutes (2 hours, 55 minutes without the essay) 154 (+1 essay prompt) The ACT sections will always go in this order, beginning with English and ending with Writing (if you choose to take it). Below, for each section of the ACT, I’ll explain which subjects it covers and the skills it requires. ACT English Syllabus Number of Questions Minutes Given Time Per Question 75 45 36 seconds Format The ACT English section contains five passages along with 75 multiple-choice questions, so there will be about 15 questions per passage. All questions will be based on the passages. Some of the questions will ask about specific phrases or sentences in the passage, and others will ask about a paragraph or the entire passage as a whole. Skills Tested ACT English tests two main content areas:Usage and Mechanics andRhetorical Skills.Usage and Mechanics tests your knowledge of punctuation, grammar, usage, and sentence structure and requires a solid understanding of punctuation and grammar rules. Rhetorical Skills focuses on your comprehension of the passage as a whole and your ability to understand and improve the passage's organization and style. Questions Types There are six main types of questions on ACT English: three types of Usage/Mechanics questions and three types of Rhetorical Skills questions. Below, the three Usage/Mechanics question types are listed first, then the three Rhetorical Skills question types. Punctuation Punctuation questions test your knowledge of internal and end-of-sentence punctuation. To get these questions correct, you’ll need to know comma, apostrophe, period, and semicolon rules. Grammar and Usage These questions test your knowledge of grammar rules such as subject/verb agreement, agreement between pronoun and antecedent, and agreement between modifiers and the word modified. There are also questions on verb formation, pronoun case, idioms, and adverbs. Sentence Structure Sentence structure questions focus on your knowledge of relationships between and among clauses, placement of modifiers, and shifts in construction. Strategy These types of questions test your ability to develop a given topic by choosing words or phrases that fit with an essay's audience and purpose. You’ll need to take the whole passage into account and consider whether the possible revision clarifies or confuses the passage's message. Organization Organization questions measure how well you organize ideas and choose effective opening, transitional, and closing sentences. These questions tend to focus on the beginning and ends of paragraphs. Style Style questions test your ability to choose an appropriate word, maintain the level of style and tone in an essay, and avoid unclear pronoun references, wordiness, and redundancy. ACT Math Syllabus Number of Questions Minutes Given Time Per Question 60 60 1 minute Format ACT Math has 60 questions, all of which are multiple choice. You’ll be able to use a permitted calculator for this entire section. Skills Tested and Question Types ACT Math tests six major skill areas. They are listed below, along with the percentage of questions asked about them and the more specific topics each area focuses on. Pre-Algebra (20-25%) Basic operations using whole numbers, decimals, fractions, and integers Place value Square roots and approximations The concept of exponents Scientific notation Factors Ratio, proportion, and percent Linear equations in one variable Absolute value and ordering numbers by value Elementary counting techniques and simple probability Data collection, representation, and interpretation Understanding simple descriptive statistics Elementary Algebra (15-20%) Properties of exponents and square roots Evaluation of algebraic expressions through substitution Using variables to express functional relationships Understanding algebraic operations The solution of quadratic equations by factoring Intermediate Algebra (15-20%) The quadratic formula Rational and radical expressions Absolute value equations and inequalities Sequences and patterns Systems of equations Quadratic inequalities Functions and modeling Matrices Roots of polynomials Complex numbers Coordinate Geometry (15-20%) Graphing and the relations between equations and graphs, including points, lines, polynomials, circles, and other curves Graphing inequalities Slope Parallel and perpendicular lines Distance Midpoints Conics Plane Geometry (20-25%) Properties and relations of plane figures, including angles and relations among perpendicular and parallel lines Properties of circles, triangles, rectangles, parallelograms, and trapezoids Transformations The concept of proof and proof techniques Volume Applications of geometry to three dimensions Trigonometry (5-10%) Trigonometric relations in right triangles Values and properties of trigonometric functions Graphing trigonometric functions Modeling using trigonometric functions Use of trigonometric identities Solving trigonometric equations As you can see, the majority of the questions, over 50%, focus on algebra and pre-algebra. About 40% of the questions are on geometry, and the remaining 5-10% are on trigonometry. ACT Reading Syllabus Number of Questions Minutes Given Time Per Question 40 35 52 seconds Format The ACT Reading section contains four passages or passage pairs and 40 multiple-choice questions, meaning that there will be about ten questions per passage. All questions in this section are based on passages, and there will be three single passages and one passage pair.The Reading passages will always include four different subject areas: humanities, natural science, social science, and literary fiction. Skills Tested For ACT Reading, you’ll be using skills often required in your English classes, such as critical reasoning and referring skills. You’ll need to be able to use these skills to accomplish the following: Understand main ideas Locate details within a passage and interpret them Interpret sequence of events and flow of ideas Make comparisons Understand cause-effect relationships Determine the meaning of words, phrases, and statements in context (these are usually straightforward, but may be used in an unusual or significant way in context) Draw generalizations Analyze the author's or narrator's tone and purpose Question Types There are five main types of questions on the ACT Reading section. Main Idea Main idea questions ask about the main point or theme of the passage. Detail These questions will typically refer you to a specific line in the passage and ask what it means. Vocabulary These questions will select a specific word or phrase in the passage and ask what it means or how it functions in context. These questions often point to a common word or phrase that might be being used in an unusual way. Function and Development Function and Development questions test your ability to describe a phrase, sentence, or paragraph in the context of the entire passage. Implied Ideas These questions ask you to infer the meaning of a line, paragraph, or complete passage. ACT Science Syllabus Number of Questions Minutes Given Time Per Question 40 35 52 seconds Format Like the English and Reading sections, all of ACT Science’s questions are based on passages. This section contains 40 multiple-choice questions and seven passages.Each of the passages can include diagrams such as graphs, charts, and tables. The passages could focus on topics such as biology, chemistry, physics, and earth/space sciences (including geology, astronomy, and meteorology). Each passage will be followed by four to seven questions. Skills Tested Although ACT Science includes questions on a wide range of scientific topics, this section tests your scientific skills more than your knowledge of specific facts or subjects.So, while you won’t be tested on specific facts, your science classes will teach you important analysis and reasoning skills you need to understand the scientific method and language and do well on this section. The ACT website recommends you take at least three years of science in high school, including at least one biology course and one physical or earth science course by the time you take the exam. By taking science courses, you’ll learn about the scientific method, how to collect and analyze data, and how to evaluate a theory or hypothesis. These skills will help you do well on ACT Science. Question Types There are three main types of questions you’ll see on ACT Science. Data Representation (30-40% of questions) Data Representation questions require you to read graphs, interpret scatterplots, and explain information presented in tables. Research Summaries (45-55% of questions) These questions require you to interpret the design and results of experiments discussed in passages. Conflicting Viewpoints (15-20% of questions) Conflicting Viewpoints questions test your ability to understand, analyze, and compare alternate viewpoints or hypotheses. These questions will center around a single situation or issue, and you’ll read two different viewpoints and analyze the similarities and differences. ACT Writing Syllabus Number of Questions Minutes Given Time Per Question 1 essay 40 40 minutes Format The ACT Writing section is the only optional section of the exam. If you choose to take it, you’ll have 40 minutes to plan and write one complete essay. Skills Tested The major skills you are graded on for the essay are your ability to analyze different arguments and combine different opinions and viewpoints into a coherent essay.While you’ll want your essay to be clear and easy to understand, a few minor spelling and grammar errors won’t lose you points, so you don’t have to worry about your essay being technically perfect. Question Types On the Writing section, you’ll see a short passage on a given topic, followed by three different perspectives on that topic. Your task will be to evaluate the three perspectives and relate them back to the original issue. This can involve analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of each argument, comparing and contrasting them, and explaining how they could be improved. How Does This Information Help You Prepare for the ACT? Now you're an expert on the ACT syllabus, but how does this information help you on the exam? First, knowing what's on the ACT will make you feel more comfortable on test day. You'll know the format, content, and types of questions you'll be asked. This can help you feel more prepared and help reduce test anxiety. Second, understanding the ACT syllabus can also help during your ACT prep. When you know what subjects are tested on the ACT, you'll know what to focus on during your studying, and you'll be less likely to overlook material you should go over or study material that won't be on the test. Additionally, when you take practice ACTs and review your answers to see where you made most of your mistakes, your knowledge of the ACT will help you pinpoint the specific area(s) you should work on. Maybe your ACT Math score was lower than you wanted it to be, but where exactly did you make mistakes? Did you get all the geometry questions correct but struggled with algebra? Then you can focus primarily on studying algebra topics. Knowing what's tested on the ACT will help you pinpoint the areas where you need to improve and increase the effectiveness of your studying. Tips forGetting Your Best ACT Score Knowing what subjects the ACT covers will help you become more familiar comfortable with the test, which can help boost your score. Follow these three tips to help ensure you’re getting the most out of your ACT prep and achieving your highest score. Create a Study Plan Before you really dive into your ACT studying, you should first create a study plan. Planning out your studying in advance can help you know when you’re supposed to be studying and can keep you on track. Setting aside a regular time to study each day or week, such as weekdays from 8:00-9:30 or Saturdays from 12:00-4:00, will make it easier to study because you’ll know ahead of time when you should be studying and can fit the rest of your schedule around it. You should also include regular goals in your study schedule that you hope to meet, such as, â€Å"I want to understand how to answer trigonometry questions by the end of the weekend,† or â€Å"I want to raise my ACT Science score ten points by the end of the month.†Setting these goals can help motivate you to study and help you stay on track. Use High-Quality Study Resources Your studying will only be as effective as the prep materials you use, so be sure to use high-quality ACT study material.A high-quality prep book can be one of the best resources you use. Check out our guide to the best ACT prep books available. A good prep book will effectively explain the content tested on the exam, have high-quality practice questions similar to those on the real ACT, and include full-length practice exams (discussed more below). Take Complete Practice Exams During your studying, you’ll want to take at least one (and ideally at least three to four) complete practice ACTs.Taking full-length practice ACTs is important because it gives you the most accurate idea of what the real ACT will be like.You’ll learn how taking a test for several hours affects you and if you get tired and distracted towards the later sections. Also, after you score your exam, you’ll have a good idea of how well you’d do on the actual test, and you can use this information to identify which topics you should focus on for future studying. Be sure to take your ACT under realistic testing conditions. This means take the exam all in one sitting, timed, and with minimal distractions.Try to use official practice tests since they’ll be the closest to the real ACT. We have links to several free and official ACT practice exams you can use. Conclusion: Understanding the ACT Syllabus Knowing the syllabus of the ACT will help you know what to expect for the test and how to prepare for the exam.Each of the four main sections of the ACT covers multiple subject areas and contains several question types. There is also an optional Writing section with an essay at the end of the test. To help you prepare for the ACT, be sure to create a study schedule early on, use high-quality study resources, and take full-length practice tests to get a good idea of the progress you’ve made and where you can improve. What's Next? Looking for more practice tests? We have links to free and official practice ACTs you can use during your studying! Trying to get a top score on the ACT? Learn everything you need to get a perfect 36 on the ACT by reading our guide, written by a full-scorer. What score should you be aiming for on the ACT? Learn what a good ACT score is and how to set a goal score. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes your prep program to your strengths and weaknesses. We also have expert instructors who can grade every one of your practice ACT essays, giving feedback on how to improve your score. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Disscusion board (criminology) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Disscusion board (criminology) - Essay Example The doctor should have checked the man’s workplace conditions, his habits and other proclivities. A more detailed and in-depth examination would have revealed the cause. The doctor’s perfunctory approach resulted in the man ultimately suffering heart attack. There are cases where even after all standard examinations patients have had heart problems. The blood can clot without notice, block blood circulation in the heart and trigger heart attacks (Sardi, Bill). Heuristics is the â€Å"rule-of-the-thumb† analysis. Other than the standard examination, doctors apply their minds to other causes responsible for ailments like heart attacks. It is possible to apply heuristics in criminology as well. The study of criminology is not limited to law enforcement agencies alone. The medical line must also go into the social and mental causes of the crime (Zalman, Marvin; 1981) In this case, although the patient had fever and was experiencing discomfort, the doctor could not find the cause for the fever. The next day the patient suffered severe infection on the side of the body the doctor did not examine. Maybe the doctor was tired and called it a day. Even then, in medical parlance, this is medical malpractice. The doctor could be legally taken to task for this lapse (Doctor Negligence, 2010) Doctors as well as criminologists need to be open to all options. There may be situations when nagging doubts and lack of evidence evade solution. A doctor who is too tired to attend to patients must have fresh replacement to attend to the patient. In most cases, a criminologist gets enough evidence or witnesses to make his case. In difficult and/or complex cases, a criminologist can only wait for the courts to decide the

All forms of government welfare should be abolished Essay - 1

All forms of government welfare should be abolished - Essay Example Moreover, most of government welfare initiatives fail the test of providing long-term solutions to economic challenges facing society, thus encourage a persistent culture of reliance on others and loss of productivity. 3. What is your position regarding the topic? My position is that government welfare programs should be abolished. 4. What â€Å"evidence† have you offered to support your claim/position? Have you included your survey results? A lot of Americans were dissatisfied with the management of the program, claiming that the beneficiaries of the programs were misusing the welfare funds by staying idle, and having bigger families in order to receive more aid (Sheely, 2012). Others refrained from marriage so as to be eligible for more benefits (Greenberg, Ashworth, Cebulla, & Walker, 2005). These are clear signs of abuse, which basically call for the abolition of the government welfare. 5. Put your claim/position and â€Å"evidence† through the â€Å"Scientific Met hod† and â€Å"Proving a theory† steps. Are there any steps on which your claim/position and evidence do not measure up to the examination? If so, what can you do to make them more acceptable? Firstly, despite the significance of the welfare reform initiated in the mid-1990s, states are still struggling to curb the exploitative nature of the policy upon the productive segment of the economy. Greenberg et al (2005) indicated that more than half of people covered in the programs do not deserve the benefits. The current legal safeguards do not seem to offer long-lasting solutions to these ills at all. Many women have persisted with their habit of having many children in order to enjoy more benefits from the program. Moreover, the hefty annual benefits amounting to $7,000 is costly, especially where the beneficiaries channel the money elsewhere other than for a child’s upkeep (Grogger, Haider, & Klerman, 2003). This means that if such benefits were eliminated, chance s of women having children for purposes of benefitting from the cash would be very slim (Sheely, 2012). Secondly, as Gelman (2008) has pointed out, government revenue mainly generated from taxation of the salaries of the working class end up funding the more than a $746 billion welfare budget in 2010 (Guzman, Pirog, & Seefeldt, 2013). It is apparent that the social security fund is an area where hardworking citizens are disenfranchised to offset the needs of the supposed persons in need of services. The moneys collected from the social security fund do not amount to credible benefits for retirees. The funds are channeled to undeserving individuals who do not work hard to earn a living at all. In view of this, it is unfair for government to sustain the welfare programs because most of the beneficiaries are not willing to work hard, despite the existence of economic opportunities in the country (Grogger, Haider, & Klerman, 2003). The channeling of funds into wrong hands calls for the need to reexamine the clear definition of a needy individual. 6. Who is your intended audience? My intended audience is the government, especially the lawmakers and the working class populations because they hold the key to the abolishment of the legal structure which support welfare programs. 7. What is your purpose? What do you want the audience to do, to feel, or to think? Congress and the working class should be cognizant of the waste and work towards the realization of a change of laws as a way of making the economically